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What is INF Treaty — and why the U.S. wants to withdraw from the historic bilateral pact

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What is INF Treaty —  and why the U.S. wants to withdraw from the historic bilateral pact The 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) treaty prohibits the United States & the Soviet Union from deploying land-based missiles on its territory or anywhere in the world with ranges of 500 to 5,500km, either nuclear or conventional. The treaty includes shorter range (500-1,000 Km) , as well as medium-(1,000-3,000 km) , and intermediate-range (3,500-5,500 km) ballistic and cruise missiles. Here we refer to all of these ranges as “ INF-range ". Whereas, the treaty doesn't limit or ban sea & air-launched missiles deployed on ships, submarines, as well as the missiles carried by aircraft. ICBM's are land based, but since their range is in excess of INF range i.e, 5,500km, their deployment on land is allowed. Long range nuke carriers are covered under a separate treaty called START (New STrategic Arms Reduction Treaty) . Under this treaty, the number
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Is North Korea capable of striking US via Antarctic (South Pole)?

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Is North Korea capable of striking US via Antarctic (South Pole)? North Korean nukes aimed at the U.S may fly over Russia The shortest distance between U.S based missiles & the strategic cities of Russia/North korea—and vice versa—is   via Canada over the North Pole . Any missile fired by North Korea at the U.S would most likely fly over the North Pole, undoubtedly passing through the Russian airspace. The other route to avoid flying over Russia is via the South Pole (launching the missile down south) as displayed in the image above. During the Cold War, the Soviets employed the same technique, allowing the missiles to fly over south polar areas to reach the U.S as opposed to going over the North Pole, where much of the US’s  early warning radar arrays  were located. Fractional orbit bombardment system (FOBS) As the Soviets developed ICBM capabilities in the 1950’s & 60’s, the united states constructed a Ballistic Missile Early Warning System (BMEWS)   w
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How effective are US installed missile defenses in south Korea?

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Why Military action against North Korea is not on table? How effective US installed Missile defenses in south Korea are?                                               Image: Standard Missile SM-3 interceptor Ballistic missiles are classified as: Short Range Ballistic Missile (SRBM) : Range 👉(300 km to 1,000 km) Medium Range Ballistic Missile (MRBM) : Range 👉(1,000 km to 3,500 km) Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile (IRBM) : Range 👉(3,500 km to 5,500 km). Intercontinental Range Ballistic Missile(ICBM) : Range👉( > 5,500Km ). Earths atmosphere starts from 140km above earths surface. Shorter range ballistic missiles stay within the Earth's atmosphere. North Korea has 800+ short range ballistic missiles. To defend against the North korean missile force, South Korea currently has three layered Ballistic Missile Defence, 1) Patriot (PAC-3) to counter short range missile threats 2) THAAD for Short and Medium range threats 3) Aegis (SM-3) for Medium and In
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